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Johann Dzierzon, or Jan Dzierżon or Dzierżoń , also John Dzierzon (16 January 1811 – 26 October 1906), was a pioneering apiarist who discovered the phenomenon of parthenogenesis in bees and designed the first successful movable-frame beehive. Dzierzon came from a Polish family in Silesia. Trained in theology, he combined his theoretical and practical work in apiculture with his duties as a Roman Catholic priest, before being compulsorily retired by the Church and eventually excommunicated. His discoveries and innovations made him world-famous in scientific and bee-keeping circles, and he has been described as the "father of modern apiculture". == Nationality/ethnicity == Dzierzon came from Upper Silesia. Born into a family of ethnic Polish 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=britannica.com )〕 background which did not speak German but a Silesian dialect of the Polish language,〔Stanisław Feliksiak, ''Słownik biologów polskich'', Polish Academy of Sciences ''Instytut Historii Nauki, Oświaty i Techniki'', Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, 1987, p. 149.〕 he has been variously described as having been of Polish, German, or Silesian nationality. Dzierzon himself wrote: "As for my nationality, I am, as my name indicates, a Pole by birth, as Polish is spoken in Upper Silesia. But as I came to Breslau as a 10-year-old and pursued my studies there, I became German by education. But science knows no borders or nationality." It was at ''gymnasium'' and at the theological faculty that he became acquainted with German scientific and literary language, which he subsequently used in his scientific writings, rather than his native Polish-Silesian dialect.〔 He used Silesian-Polish in some press publications, in his private life, and in pastoral work, alongside literary Polish.〔''Kwartalnik opolski'', vol. 31, Opolskie Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Nauk, 1985, p. 86.〕 Dr. Jan Dzierzon considered himself a member of the Polish nation.〔L. Brożek "Jan Dzierżon. Studium monograficzne" Opole 1978〕〔A. Gładysz "Jan Dzierżoń, pszczelarz o światowej sławie" Katowice 1957〕〔H. Borek i S. Mazak "Polskie pamiątki rodu Dzierżoniów" Opole 1983〕 Dzierzon's manuscripts, letters, diplomas and original copies of his works were given to a Polish museum by his nephew, Franciszek Dzierżoń.〔Danuta Kamolowa, Krystyna Muszyńska, ''Zbiory rękopisów w bibliotekach i muzeach w Polsce'', Biblioteka Narodowa (Polish National Library, p. 68.〕 Following the 1939 German invasion of Poland, many objects connected with Dzierzon were destroyed by German gendarmes on 1 December 1939 in an effort to conceal his Polish roots.〔''Mówią wieki: magazyn historyczny'' (The Ages Speak: Magazine of History, (by ) the Polish Historical Society), vol. 23 (1980), p. 26.〕 The Nazis made strenuous efforts to enforce a view of Dzierżoń as a German. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Johann Dzierzon」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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